Value Stacking

Value Stacking is the practice of optimizing a battery or DER fleet across multiple revenue streams simultaneously to maximize total earnings. Instead of enrolling in a single program (like time-of-use arbitrage), value stacking coordinates participation in demand response, resource adequacy, wholesale energy markets, clean peak optimization, and demand charge management-all at once. Example: a battery charges during off-peak hours (cheap electricity), holds charge to avoid demand peaks, discharges during on-peak TOU windows + high carbon intensity periods (maximizing TOU revenue + clean peak incentives), reserves capacity for DR events, and bids into wholesale markets during price spikes. DividendVPP delivers up to 2-4x more revenue through value stacking vs. single-program enrollment. Results depend on program mix, asset configuration, and deployment depth.